High Efficiency Irrigation System (HEIS)
Agriculture is the most important sector of Pakistan's economy. Dairy is the source of livelihood for 62% of Pakistan's population. Unfortunately, our country is far behind other developed countries in this field. During the last four decades, the construction of dams and canals, as well as the use of groundwater, have increased the arable land, but this increase has been far less than the growing population and food requirements. It also leads to water wastage, the plant does not get water when it needs it, which weakens the roots of the plant.
Crops begin to wither and yields begin to decline, whereas modern irrigation methods including sprinkler, drip irrigation systems can increase yields by 30 percent to 100 percent. This is not just an adage but a tried and true one. This system has been tested in Turkey, Arab countries, Bangladesh and India. Farmers in Pakistan have also tried this system, if their fields are compared with other farmers, the difference is clearly visible. Production can be doubled with existing water. This is why federal and provincial governments are making concerted efforts to popularize HEIS among farmers. Water is stored in the HEIS system. And according to the nature and need of the land and crop, water is given through sprinklers or drip lines.
Types of High Efficiency Irrigation System (HEIS)
High Efficiency Irrigation Systems (HEISs) include a variety of irrigation technologies designed to improve water quality and productivity. Here are some commonly used types of HEIS:
- Drip Irrigation
- Bubbler Irrigation
- Conventional Sprinkler Irrigation
- Center Pivot Irrigation
- Rain Gun Irrigation
Drip Irrigation:
In drip irrigation, water is delivered directly to the root zone of plants through a network of tubes or pipes with small emitters. Diffusers release water in the form of water droplets, providing pure and localized water. Irrigation is an effective way to use water, reduce plant growth, and reduce runoff.
Bubbler Irrigation:
Bubbler irrigation is similar to drip irrigation but uses micro sprinklers mounted on small spikes. These faucets spray water in gentle patterns that create bubbles around the plants. Bubble irrigation is designed for plants that need more water and is often used in orchards and vineyards.
Conventional Sprinkler Irrigation:
Conventional sprinkler irrigation involves the use of overhead. Sprinklers that apply water to crops. The sprinkler head rotates or swings to cover a large area. Although this method is widely used, it is less water efficient than running water or flowing water due to potential evaporation and wind drift.
Center Pivot Irrigation:
Center pivot irrigation systems consist of a long, rotating arm that pivots around a central point, irrigating a circular area. The sprinkler head is mounted on the arm and the water is distributed evenly when the system moves in a circle. Pivot irrigation is often used on large farms and provides uneven irrigation over large areas.
Rain Gun Irrigation:
Rain gun irrigation systems involve the use of large sprinklers or "rain guns" that project water in a high arc over the field. These systems are often used in outdoor farming and can cover large areas of water. Rainwater irrigation is beneficial for fast and effective irrigation but can result in greater water loss due to wind drift and evaporation.
These are just a few examples of the (HEISs) brands available. Each system has its own advantages and is suitable for different crop types, sizes and water availability. (HEIS) selection depends on factors such as crop demand, water availability, soil type and agricultural management.
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Types of High Efficiency Irrigation System (HEIS) |
Efficiency Irrigation System:
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